See spōk on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Frisian",
"lang_code": "frr",
"word": "Spook"
},
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"word": "Spouk"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "spoek"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "spōk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Spuk"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Spökes"
}
],
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "Spöök"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "spøg"
}
],
"lang": "Old Danish",
"lang_code": "gmq-oda",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "spøg"
},
{
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "spók"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "spjok"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "spöke"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "spôk"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*spōk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "spook"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "spook"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "spoke"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "spook"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "spook"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "spooce"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*spōk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "spīgana",
"t": "dragon, witch"
},
"expansion": "Latvian spīgana (“dragon, witch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "spingėti",
"t": "to shine"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian spingėti (“to shine”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "spanxti",
"t": "spark"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian spanxti (“spark”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*(s)pāuǵ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)pāuǵ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. According to Klein, from a Proto-Indo-European source shared with Latvian spīgana (“dragon, witch”), Lithuanian spingėti (“to shine”), Old Prussian spanxti (“spark”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pāuǵ-, *(s)pāug- (“to shine, spark; brilliance, spectre”), though the vowels make this less plausible. It could otherwise have been borrowed from a substrate language in the area where Low German/Dutch are now spoken. Compare *pūkô.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*spōk n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/spōk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "78 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spook, ghost, apparition"
],
"id": "en-spōk-gmw-pro-noun-e40XKAIA",
"links": [
[
"spook",
"spook"
],
[
"ghost",
"ghost"
],
[
"apparition",
"apparition"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"witchcraft, wizardry"
],
"id": "en-spōk-gmw-pro-noun-vO6TAclv",
"links": [
[
"witchcraft",
"witchcraft"
],
[
"wizardry",
"wizardry"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "spōk"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from substrate languages",
"Proto-West Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"gmw-pro:Mythology"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Frisian",
"lang_code": "frr",
"word": "Spook"
},
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"word": "Spouk"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "spoek"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "spōk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Spuk"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Spökes"
}
],
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "Spöök"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "spøg"
}
],
"lang": "Old Danish",
"lang_code": "gmq-oda",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "spøg"
},
{
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "spók"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "spjok"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "spöke"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "spôk"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*spōk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "spook"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "spook"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "spoke"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "spook"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "spook"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "spooce"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*spōk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "spīgana",
"t": "dragon, witch"
},
"expansion": "Latvian spīgana (“dragon, witch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "spingėti",
"t": "to shine"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian spingėti (“to shine”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "spanxti",
"t": "spark"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian spanxti (“spark”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*(s)pāuǵ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)pāuǵ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. According to Klein, from a Proto-Indo-European source shared with Latvian spīgana (“dragon, witch”), Lithuanian spingėti (“to shine”), Old Prussian spanxti (“spark”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pāuǵ-, *(s)pāug- (“to shine, spark; brilliance, spectre”), though the vowels make this less plausible. It could otherwise have been borrowed from a substrate language in the area where Low German/Dutch are now spoken. Compare *pūkô.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*spōk n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/spōk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"spook, ghost, apparition"
],
"links": [
[
"spook",
"spook"
],
[
"ghost",
"ghost"
],
[
"apparition",
"apparition"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"witchcraft, wizardry"
],
"links": [
[
"witchcraft",
"witchcraft"
],
[
"wizardry",
"wizardry"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "spōk"
}
Download raw JSONL data for spōk meaning in All languages combined (3.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.